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The First Americans
Race, Evolution, and the Origin of Native Americans
Who were the first Americans? What is their relationship to living
native peoples in the Americas? What do their remains tell us of the
current concepts of racial variation, and short-term evolutionary
change and adaptation? The recent discoveries in the Americas of the
9000–12 000-year-old skeletons such as ‘‘Kennewick Man’’ in
Washington State, ‘‘Luzia’’ in Brazil, and ‘‘Prince of Wales Island Man’’
in Alaska, have begun to challenge our understanding of who first
entered the Americas at the end of the last ice age. New archaeological
and geological research is beginning to change the hypothesis of land
bridge crossings and the extinction of ancient animals. The First
Americans explores these questions by using racial classifications and
microevolutionary techniques to understand better who colonized the
Americas and how. It will be required reading for all those interested in
anthropology, and the history and archaeology of the earliest
Americans.
J
OSEPH
P
OWELL
is Associate Professor in the Department of
Anthropology at the University of New Mexico. He has published
extensively on the skeletal and dental remains of Paleoindian peoples,
and was a lead scientist for the US Federal Government investigation of
the ‘‘Kennewick Man’’ skeleton.
The First
Americans
Race, Evolution, and
the Origin of Native
Americans
JOSEPH F
.
POWELL
University of New Mexico
PUBLISHED BY THE PRESS SYNDICATE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE
The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS
The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge
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22
RU
,UK
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477 Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia
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#
J. Powell 2005
This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception
and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements,
no reproduction of any part may take place without
the written permission of Cambridge University Press.
First published 2005
Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge
Typeface Swift 9/13pt. System Advent 3B2 8.07f [
PND
]
A catalog record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication data
ISBN 0 521 82350 1 hardback
ISBN 0 521 53035 0 paperback
The publisher has used its best endeavors to ensure that URLs for external
websites referred to in this book are correct and active at the time of going to
press. However, the publisher has no responsibility for the websites and can
make no guarantee that a site will remain live or that the content is or will
remain appropriate.
Dedication
To Gentry, who pointed out the path,
And to Leah, who has been at my side while I traveled along it.
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